This is an old revision of the document!
Table of Contents
WIO Firmware
Introduction
This solution is based on the ESP8266/ESP32 family.
It can be used as:
- Wireless Throttle
or as wireless I/O with:
- 32 I2C I/O GCA compatible
- 2 Displays SSD1306
and one of the following extra functions:
- LED control WS2812
- 4 Servos
- 2 RC522 readers
- DCC Generator
- Mobile PWM, direction and lights
and one of the following options:
- ID12LA 125kHz RFID reader on RX
- RailCom reader on RX
Supported Boards
- Lolin D1 Mini
- Lolin D32
- ESP32 Dev Module
- ESP32 CAM Module
Used ESP Pins
Check the pin mapping in Pins.cpp:
Flyer
Attention
- The Rocrail server must run on a PC which does not automatically suspend or sleep in case of no user activity. Check the energy setting to prevent communication loss.
- The used WiFi Router should be state of the art; Only use maintained hardware.
- Make sure the SSID is not visible to prevent extra public traffic.
Using WIO is at your own risk. Peter Giling and Robert Jan Versluis can not be held responsible for any damage or problems by using the proposed hard- and firmware. The published hardware are prototypes, are incomplete and not ready for release. Only original GCA Kits are supported. |
---|
Arduino IDE 1.8.13
Prepare the Arduino IDE with the following boards and libraries:
Board manager
Add in the preference dialog to "Additional board manager" the following URL:
https://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json, https://dl.espressif.com/dl/package_esp32_index.json
Board selection
Libraries
ESP8266 & ESP32
- ESP8266 (Board Manager)
- Wire (I2C)
- FastLED (WS2812)
- RotaryEncoder
- MFRC522 (RC522)
- Servo
- ArduinoOTA
- MCP_CAN
- NTPClient
ESP32
- ESP32 (Board Manager)
- ESP32Servo
- ESP32CAN
ESP32CAN Modifications
The xSemaphoreTake
should timeout after 500ms instead of wait for ever.
Replace portMAX_DELAY
with 500, and return the rc of the xSemaphoreTake
function instead of zero. (CAN.c)
int CAN_write_frame(const CAN_frame_t *p_frame) { if (sem_tx_complete == NULL) { return -1; } // Write the frame to the controller CAN_write_frame_phy(p_frame); // wait for the frame tx to complete int rc = xSemaphoreTake(sem_tx_complete, 500); return rc; }
Just decreas "Upload Speed" to 460800 in case the sketch upload does show communication errors. |
SPIFFS
Select 2M SPIFFS size:
SPIFFS is a file system which can be used in WIO for uploading user bitmaps.
Installing the Arduino IDE Plugin for uploading data:
Dark Theme
WIO Sketch
Copyright © 2002-2020 Robert Jan Versluis, Rocrail.net |
WIO is firmware for controlling Throttle, I2C, LEDs, Servos, RFID, Displays and DCC.
- Clone the repository: (WIO with capitals!)
git clone https://gitlab.com/rocrail/WIO.git
The source code is public but not open source licensed, and it should be used only to compile and load it on the LOLIN D1 Mini.
Note: After unpacking the ZIP the folder should be renamed before loading it into the Arduino IDE from "wio-master" into "WIO".
Binary
Compile output
The red FastLED pragma messages, which is information only, can be ignored, as long as the last two white lines show up:
# pragma message "FastLED version 3.003.002" # pragma message "No hardware SPI pins defined. All SPI access will default to bitbanged output" Sketch uses 293716 bytes (28%) of program storage space. Maximum is 1044464 bytes. Global variables use 33104 bytes (40%) of dynamic memory, leaving 48816 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 81920 bytes.
Pratfall: Many Micro USB cables do only provide 5V and no data, and cannot be used to program. |
---|
Setting up the WiFi can be done with the Arduino Serial Monitor 115200 bps, or by modifying the USERCNF.h:
#1CConnecting to [secure.home] #13WiFi try to connect ... #13WiFi try to connect #17WiFi connected RSSI=-55
Output after a ? command:
------------------------------ revision=261 WIO 20200812a (c)Rocrail ------------------------------ Settings: ------------------------------ ssid1= pwd1= ssid2= pwd2= server= port=8051 name=[wio104] id=104 io=i2cdcc (master) iostate=00 00 00 00 i2c=oooooooobbbbbbbboooooooobbbbbbbb steps=64 sleeptimer=5 pulse=5 pwmsize=0 options=0x00 0x01 0x18 booster=0 board=1 display=0 railcom=0 id12=0 depart=0 stepper=0 stepper3w=0 canprot=1(1) canio=1 canusb=0 trace=0 SPIFFS total=1345kb used=0kb Change settings by typing: ------------------------------ *ssid=<your WiFi SSID> *pwd=<your WiFi password> *server=<your Rocrail server IP/host> *port=<your Rocrail server port> *name=<Node name> *id=<Node number> *io=<throttle> or <i2cled> or <i2cservo> or <i2crfid> or <i2cdcc> or <i2cmobile> or <i2ccam> or <i2cbus> (reboot) *i2c=<oooooooobbbbbbbboooooooobbbbbbbb> o=output, i=input, b=block, p=pulse *steps=<number of rotary steps> *pulse=<output pulse length in 100ms units> *pwm=<mobile PWM size multiplier> *boost=<booster option for i2cdcc type> 0=off 1=on (reboot) *dccslave=<dccmode> 0=master 1=slave *board=<board type> 0=D1 1=D32 2=DevMod 3=User (reboot) *display=<display type> 0=96x16 1=128x32 2=128x64 3=132x64 *trace=<level> 0=info 1=debug 9=none *canprot=<protocol> 0=MBUS 1=RCAN *canio=<I/O over CAN> 0=no 1=yes
User Configuration
The USERCNF.h file can be used for initial, first boot, WiFi and Rocrail server values.
The values must be set before compile and upload.
Afterwards those values can be changed with monitor commands.
The values in the USERCNF.h-file are only used, if there is no configuration yet (new device).
- If the values in the flash memory of an existing WIO-device should be replaced by those in the USERCNF.h, the option "Erase Flash" in the Arduino-IDE has to be set to "All Flash Contents".
- If just the firmware of an existing WIO-device should be updated, without changing the configuration (e.g. WLAN-settings), set the Arduino-IDE to "Erase flash → only Sketch".
Monitor commands
The Arduino Serial Monitor can be use with 115200 bps to change WIO settings.
- If RailCom has been activated the baudrate switches automatically to 250000 and the Serial Monitor is read only.
- If ID12 has been activated the baudrate switches automatically to 9600 and the Serial Monitor is read only.
Command | Description | Default | Remark |
---|---|---|---|
? | Shows the current settings and how to change them. | ||
! | Dumps the used Flash memory. | ||
*ssid=<value> | Set the WiFi access point SSID. | - | Primary SSID (max. 30 characters) |
*pwd=<value> | Set the WiFi password. A WiFi reconnect is triggered. | - | Primary WiFi password (max. 30 characters) |
*ssid2=<value> | Set the WiFi access point SSID. | - | Alternative SSID (max. 30 characters) |
*pwd2=<value> | Set the WiFi password. A WiFi reconnect is triggered. | - | Alternative WiFi password (max. 30 characters) |
*server=<value> | Set the Rocrail Sever IP or Name. | - | May be a CSV of max 30 characters.(1.71+) Example: "mba2019,win2019" |
*port=<value> | Set the Rocrail Sever port. | 8051 | |
*name=<value> | Optional node name. | - | |
*id=<value> | Node number/throttle ID; Should be unique. | 33 | |
*io=<value> | WIO type. | i2cled | |
*i2c=<value> | I2C port configuration. | oooooooobbbbbbbboooooooobbbbbbbb | |
*steps=<value> | Number of rotary steps. | 127 | |
*pulse=<value> | Output pulse length in 100ms units. | 5 | |
*canprot=<value> | CAN protocol | MBUS | 0=MBUS, 1=RCAN |
*dccslave=<value> | DCC role | Master | 0=Master, 1=Slave(Booster) |
*trace=<value> | Trace level | 9 (volatile) | 0=Info, 1=Debug, 9=None Only for current session. |
*ptmain=<value> | Service mode, PT, on the main H-Bridge | 0 (volatile) | 0=off, 1=on Only for testing! |
*pwm=<value> | PWM size for mobile motor control | - | 600=10Hz |
*display=<value> | Display type: 0=96x16, 1=128x32, 2=128x64, 3=SH1106 | - | 1 |
Note: Replace <value> to meet the local WiFi environment and setup.
Note: A reset is necessary after changing the WIO Type.
Port type | Description |
---|---|
i | Input |
o | Output |
b | Block: Input with a 2 second off delay. |
p | Pulse: Output with auto off. |
IO Type Configuration
IO Type | I2C 32I/O | FastLED | Servo | RFID | Display | DCC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
throttle | - | - | - | - | - | - |
i2cled | YES | YES | NO | NO | YES | NO |
i2cservo | YES | NO | YES | NO | YES | NO |
i2crfid | YES | NO | NO | YES | YES | NO |
i2cdcc | YES | NO | NO | NO | YES | YES |
Basic Setup with WEB Browser
Not activated in case of DCC WIO type. |
The WIO acts as a tiny Access Point to be able to connect and do the basic setup without serial monitor.
The WIO AP name is formatted as follows: "WIO<id>.<name>" (Default: WIO33.local)
The WIO APs are listed up and can be selected:
The AP default Password is "12345678" which can be changed in the USERCNF.h.
After connecting to the WIO, the basic setup can be changed with a WEB browser at URL:
http://192.168.4.1
After Submit the WIO will retry automatically the WiFi and Rocrail Server connection.
The AP will be stopped after:
- a submit.
- 2 minutes idle.
OTA Updating
Must be activated by WIO Dialog. |
If it's not possible, or cumbersome, to update by USB, the WIO can also be updated "Over The Air" (OTA).
Just select the desired WIO from the list instead of the USB port, and upload.
If asked for a Password, this is the same as for the Access Point (Default "12345678").
RIC - Throttle
Note: RIC is no longer supported in the firmware, and is replaced by WIO Control. |
Note: RIC controls locos by address, not by ID. So the first one in the list will be used if multiple locos share the same address.
The pocket throttle I/O mode needs a rotary switch, one LED and four buttons.
The LED can also be the build in one. (D4)
Proto Type 1
Pin | Usage | Click | Long click |
---|---|---|---|
D5/D6 | Rotary | - | - |
D7 | Rotary switch | Change direction | Wait/Release loco |
D4 | Onboard LED | - | - |
D1 | F1 | F1 | F5 |
D2 | F2 | F2 | F6 |
D3 | F3 | F3 | F7 |
D0 | F4 | F4 | F8 |
A0 | Battery | - | - |
Lights
F0 is flipped if both F3 and F4 are pressed.
Emergency Break
An emergency break will send to the server if both F1 and F2 are pressed.
Loco selection
Loco 1 is selected by default.
Select loco 1 if both F1 and F4 are pressed.
Select loco 2 if both F2 and F3 are pressed.
LED | Meaning |
---|---|
On | No WiFi connection. |
Very fast flashing 10Hz | No Rocrail server connection. |
Off | Idle mode. |
Fast flashing 5Hz | Waiting for a dispatch. |
Slow flashing 1Hz | Operating mode. |
Boot
At boot the LED will turn on until a WiFi connection is established.
Catch a Locomotive
- In case the LOLii did not catch a dispatched loco, and the rotary is pressed long, about 2 seconds, the LED will start flashing fast.
- If the LOLii sees in this mode a loco dispatch, it will catch it and the LED will start flashing slow.
- This loco catch will be saved in the flash memory and reused at reboot if it was not released.
Speed Control
- Turn the rotary for speed changes.
- A short rotary press will flip the loco direction.
Function Control
The four function buttons represents F1 to F4.
With a long click F5 to F8 can be accessed.
A function will be flipped after releasing the button to be able to process long clicks. (Same as with smartphones.)
Release a Locomotive
- Press the rotary long, about 2 seconds,
- A release message is send.
- The LED will go off.
Battery Control
The analog input will check the battery voltage.
If the voltage is below a certain level, LOLii will send automatically a zero speed command to the locomotive and a release command.
The LED will start blinking very fast as long the battery is not drained completely.
Server discovery
UDP Multicast drains heap space and is therefor disabled. |
If the Rocrail Server has R2RNet active on multicast address 226.0.0.1, the LOLii can retrieve the server name/IP to connect it to the 8051 client port automatically.
WIO - I/O
- Connects directly to the Rocrail Server Client port 8051.
- WiFi and Server connection recovery.
- 32 digital I/O compatible with all GCA interfaces.
- Input
- Output
- Block
- Pulse
- 100 LEDs compatible with WS2812 on D8. (Color type output in Rocrail.)
- RGB color
- Brightness
- Dimming
- Flashing
- 4 Servos
- Adjustable movement speed
- Positions are saved in the plan.xml, Output/Switch, which makes swapping of hardware easier.
- Reached end positions are saved in flash to provide a stable reboot.
- DCC Command Station
- Up to 255 units in the same WiFi network. (Depending on the IP configuration and availability.)
- An alarm will be generated if 'a live' messages are no longer come in.
- Output/Switch commands are acknowledged after they have been processed. (Blink outputs are not acknowledged.)
- Input events must be acknowledged within 100ms. After this timeout a resend will occur. (Max. 5 retries.)
Addressing
Rocrail | WIO |
---|---|
Interface ID | "WIO" |
Node ID (Bus) | ID |
Address | I2C Port |
Address | LED Port |
Address | Servo Port |
This addressing schema is used for:
- Outputs
- Switches
- Signals
- Sensors
Dual Coil Switches
Disable the 'Accessory' and 'Single gate' options, and select output type. |
The next address for none single gate switches is used for the turnout command.
So if on port 1 is a dual coil switch, port 2 should not be used, and the second switch goes on port 3.
Both I2C outputs must be of type 'p' Pulse.
Possible hardware:
Blink
The output blink and delay options can be used to blink an I2C port.
If the delay is zero the default pulse length will be used.
LEDs
Outputs
- WIO-ID: Bus
- LED number: Address
- LED range: ON parameter
- The Interface → Color option and type light must be set
- Brightness is set by Interface → Value
- Dimming step is set by Interface → Delay (0…15) (A value of zero deactivate dimming.)
- The Interface → Blink option may be used to flash the LED
- The LED color is set by Color → RGB
Signals
- WIO-ID: Bus
- LED offset: Address
- Port type: LED
- Control type: Aspect number (Max. 6 sub LEDs → 2 x WS2812)
- Brightness
The aspect values are compatible with RocNetNode Pi08. (WIO version 0.81+)
Servos
The addressing is the same as normal outputs.
Control | Output | Switch | Range |
---|---|---|---|
WIO | IID="WIO" | IID="WIO" | - |
WIO ID | Node ID (Bus) | Node ID (Bus) | 1…255 |
Servo port | Address | Address | 1…4 |
Extra options | - | Single gate ON | - |
Position 1 | Parameter ON | Parameter | 0…180° |
Position 2 | Parameter OFF | Value | 0…180° |
Moving speed | Delay | Switch time | 1…10 |
Target | Port type "Servo" | Port type "Servo" | - |
RFID
Make sure that there are no servos and LEDs connected when switching to RFID. |
- Two Mifare RFID RC522 readers are supported.
- It needs 5 extra ports; Parallel Servos are not possible.
- Reporting addresses are 100 and 101. (In Rocrail 101 and 102.)
- Automatic sensor off event after 1500ms. (Before it must be acknowledged by the server.)
- Four times retry until acknowledge, then give up.
Signal | D1 Mini | RFID RC522 |
---|---|---|
Slave Select 1 | D3 | 1 (SDA) reader 1 |
Slave Select 2 | D0 | 1 (SDA) reader 2 |
SCK | D5 | 2 (SCK) |
MOSI | D7 | 3 (MOSI) |
MISO | D6 | 4 (MISO) |
Pins I2C
Pin | Usage |
---|---|
A0 | Power monitoring |
D1 | I2C SCL |
D2 | I2C SDA |
D4 | Build in LED |
D8 | LEDs (FastLED) |
Display SSD1306/SH1106
Two displays can be connected to the I2C of Type SSD1306 with the I2C addresses 0x3C and 0x3D.
Formatted text is compatible with RocDisplay.
WIO supports only a subset, and some new lower case commands are introduced.
Code page is ISO 8859 Latin for font {F0}; {F1} is 7 bit ASCII only.
Addressing
The Bus is used for the WIO ID, and the Display number for selecting between 1 and 2. (0x3C or 0x3D)
The Address value is not used.
Supported Formatting
Formatting commands are enclose in curly brackets. Example:
{g1}{E}{L0}{X0}Hello World!{P}
Command | Parameter | Description | Remark |
---|---|---|---|
{B#} | #=0-99999999 | Read an AMP file, "#.amp", from SPIFFS, and draw the bitmap on the current position. | |
{B'name'} | AMP file name | Read an AMP file, "name.amp", from SPIFFS, and draw the bitmap on the current position. | The name must be between single quotes. |
{E} | - | Erase display buffer. An extra {P} is needed to erase the display. | |
{F#} | #=0-2 | Select font. 0=7x5 1=6x5w 2=6x5n | Font 5x5 is not supported because its unreadable. |
{H#} | #=0-255 | Set the display contrast. | |
{I#} | #=0-1 | Invert the display. 0=normal 1=inverted | |
{L#} | #=0-3 | Goto line. The range depends on the display size. (Y = L * 8) | |
{P} | - | Copy buffer to the display. | |
{R#} | #=0,2 | Set display mapping rotation. 0=0° 2=180° | |
{?V} | - | Show firmware version. | |
{X#} | #=0-127 | Goto column. The range depends on the display size. | |
{Y#} | #=0-32 | Goto row. The range depends on the display size. | |
New command | Parameter | Description | |
{c#} | #=1-16 | Draw an analog clock with the given radius on the current position. | Only one (fast) clock per display will be updated. |
{g#} | #=0,1,2,3 | Set display geometry. 0=96x16, 1=128x32, 2=128x64, 3=SH1106 (1 is default) | This is for testing only. To save CPU load set the display option. |
{i} | - | Toggle inverted text. | |
{s#} | #=1-x | Draw scrolling text on the current position, with a view width of n characters. | Example: {s12}Scrolling text to show…{s} |
{d} | - | Scroll one text line down. | |
{f#} | #=1-2 | 7-Segment fast clock. | Only one (fast) clock per display will be updated. |
{p} | - | Swap displays. | |
{l#,#} | - | Draw a line from X,Y to #,# | |
{r#,#} | - | Draw a rectangle left upper X,Y to right under #,# | |
{z#} | - | Draw a circle with center and radius # | |
{x#,#} | - | Draw a pixel at #,# |
Note: If the geometry is not default, 128x32, the text MUST start with a {gn} command for selecting the right geometry.
7-Segment Display HT16K33
Fast Clock
The Adafruit breakout board HT16K33 is supported on I2C address 0x70.
It displays alternate time, date and temperature.
With the NTP_CLOCK
USERCNF.h setting the "pool.ntp.org" service will be used to get the time of day instead from the Rocrail server. It will not alternate between date and temperature.
DCC Generator
WIO supports following DCC packets
- Loco speed and direction. (No support for 14 speed steps.)
- Loco functions 0-32.
- PoM set/get. (A RailCom detector, GCA214, is needed for PoM get.)
- Accessories.
- BinState
- Programming Track; Service mode. (A second H-Bridge is required: WIO-Prog2)
- Global power must be ON
- PT must be set to ON
- Read/Write CV
- Loco addresses >= 100 are regarded as long address.
- Short address 111 is used as dummy to trigger other decoders to broadcast there address.
Features
- 100% NMRA timing conform.
- Automatically Power OFF after a Rocrail Server connection loss.
- Shows activity on a display if one connected.
- 48 slot refresh stack with auto purging.
- 12 accessory command queue.
Pins DCC
Pin | Usage | Remark |
---|---|---|
D6 & D7 | DCC symmetric signal. | |
D5 | Enable H-Bridge 1 | Operation |
D8 | Enable H-Bridge 2 | Service |
ORD3
To use the 3.3V level a 470 Ohm resistor must be added parallel to R1.
Mobile Addressing
IID | WIO | Remark |
---|---|---|
Node ID (Bus) | WIO ID | |
Address | DCC decoder address. | Addresses > 99 are regarded as long DCC address. |
Speed steps | 28 or 128 |
Mobile
Use the WIO as mobile decoder.
The locomotive Bus value must be set to the WIO ID.
The number of Decoder Steps must be set in the range 50 to 100.
Pins LOLIN D1
Pin | Usage | H-Bridge | Remark |
---|---|---|---|
D0 | Lights front | Cab1 | |
D3 | Lights rear | Cab2 | |
D5 | Motor Enable | ENA | RC ESC servo PWM |
D6 | PWM forwards direction | IN1 | |
D7 | PWM reverse direction | IN2 | |
D8 | Servo PWM for coupler | F1 | |
I2C 1-32 | Functions 1 to 32 | ||
A0 | Battery monitor LiPo 3S | + 100kΩ A0 32kΩ - |
Acceleration/deceleration can be simulated with the locomotive interface parameter Mass. (10ms resolution.)
A mass value of 5 will increase/decrease the PWM 1 step at every 5*10ms.
Vstart and Vhigh, CV2/CV5, can be simulated with the Step range
Electronic Speed Controller
An Electronic Speed Controller, ESC, on pin D5 can also be used for motor control if this option is set.
Note: Only connect ground and PWM in case the ESC supports BEC.
ID-12LA
Optional a RFID reader from type ID-12LA can be connected to the RX pin for detecting tags which will be reported to Rocrail.
The tag is used as Sensor ID or UID-Name, decimal dot formatted.
The GCA RFID board can be used to mount and connect the ID-12LA.
The serial monitor will be set to 9600bps.
Note 1: This is to scan tags between the rails to let Rocrail know where the running vehicle is.
Note 2: Use selected Tags which respond rapidly.
RailCom
The serial connector on the WIO PCB can be used to connect it to an amplifier for reading RailCom data.
The GCA214 can be used as amplifier.
The following RailCom IDs are supported:
ID | Channel | Description |
---|---|---|
0 | 2 | POM read |
1 | 1 | Low decoder address |
2 | 1 | High decoder address |
The only way to activate RailCom reading in WIO is to set this option in the WIO Dialog. (WIO 0.105, Rocrail 2.1.212)
The serial bps will switch to 250000, and the monitor will be read only. So with this option active its not possible to setup the WIO by monitor commands.
Sensors
One BME280/BMP280 sensor, connected to I2C, is supported for temperature, pressure and humidity.
The USER_ALTITUDE in the USERCNF.h must be adjusted to meet the local altitude for correct pressure values.
One TSL2591 'Light-to-Digital Converter' sensor, connected to I2C, is supported for calculating brightness.
Dynamic Text
Temperature, pressure and humidity can be used as text and XMLScript variables.
See: Dynamic Text
Sound
Sound can be played on ESP32 boards using one of the DAC pins. (GPIO25 or GPIO26)
Supported RIFF Wave format:
- PCM type
- Sample rate 11.025 Hz
- 16 sample bits
- One channel (Mono)
Action
- Type: Sound
- Command: Play
- Parameter: Sound file incl. path like: "/F9.wav"
- Interface Bus: WIO ID
Example:
<ac id="F9" cmd="play" param="/F9.wav" type="sound" iid="WIO" bus="38" addr="0" port="0"/>
Recommendations
The DAC is only capable to use 8 bits. The 16 bit data must be interpreted, which is not possible without data loss.
To get the best result:
- Normalise the sounds files so the data uses the full 16 bit.
StepMotor
The WIO-02 supports two types of step motors: 4-wire and 3-wire step driver.
WIO-02 | 4-wire | 3-wire | Remark |
---|---|---|---|
32 | IN1 | CLK+ | |
13 | IN2 | DIR+ | |
2 | IN3 | ENABLE+ | |
15 | IN4 | - | |
DA1 | - | Hall/Reed calibrate sensor | |
EP1-1 | GND | CLK-,DIR-,ENABLE- | |
- | VCC | 12V-45V DC | External power supply |
Turntable Setup
Turntable Interface | ||
Field | Value | Remark |
---|---|---|
Node ID | WIO-02 ID | |
Address | 1 | Fixed |
Lights | 1…32 | Optional bridge cabin lights. Digital output port on the same WIO-02. |
Type | wio | |
Decoder steps | Nr of steps for one 360° rotation. In case of a 28BYJ-48: 4096 steps. |
The number of decoder steps for one turntable rotation is needed to calculate the shortest way.
Turntable Tracks (Example 4096 steps) | |
Track | Decoder track |
---|---|
0 | 0 |
12 | 1024 |
24 | 2048 |
36 | 3072 |
XML example: (Only mandatory attributes are listed.)
<tt ori="west" id="tt1" x="11" y="4" z="0" pos="0" iid="RCAN-1" bus="102" addr="1" type="wio" decsteps="4096"> <track nr="0" decnr="0"/> <track nr="12" decnr="1024"/> <track nr="24" decnr="2048"/> <track nr="36" decnr="3072"/> </tt>
CAN
MCP2515
Pin mapping for using the SPI MCP2515(16MHz) on the GC2a:
Name | Nano | Lolin D1 Mini | Lolin D32 | Remark |
---|---|---|---|---|
GND | GND | GND | GND | Ground |
5V | 5V | 5V | 5V(USB) | |
CS | D10 | D3 | GPIO14 | Chip Select |
MOSI | D11 | D7 | GPIO23(MOSI) | Master Output, Slave Input |
MISO | D12 | D6 | GPIO19(MISO) | Master Input, Slave Output |
SCK | D13 | D5 | GPIO18(SCK) | Serial Clock |
The Lolin D1 must be connected to 5V USB without power supply from the CAN bus.
A WIO-CAN kit will become available.
ESP32
The current WIO firmware, 1.94, does use the internal CAN controller, and uses therefor only the MCP2551/2561. (SPI CAN is no longer supported for the MCP2515)
In case of ESP32 the CAN communication is always activated, independent of wich WIO type is selected.
Connection | ESP32 Pin | MCP2561 |
---|---|---|
TXCAN | 16 | 1 |
RXCAN | 4 | 4 |
Mobile RFID reader
The WIO can also be used as mobile RFID reader and I/O.
The WIO ID must be set in the loco Secondary Address field.
Sensor setup
Loco [ICE-CAM] reports RFID event 56:101 [4.102.181.114.9.64.128] ON
The reported RFID must mach with a Sensor-ID in Rocrail.
This sensor should have its address set to zero.
The ID must be set in this notation: RFID Notation
The Rocrail traces can be used to copy this ID or the Sensor Monitor.
Function setup
To dispatch functions to a WIO the function must be setup with Function address and FX.
Hardware
The firmware for IO-Type RIC does not function without pull-up resistors on the button inputs, including the rotary switch.
Schedules & PCBs
The published hardware are prototypes, are incomplete and not ready for release.
Only original GCA Kits are supported.
Trouble Shooting
LOLIN vs Wemos
Pin | Lolin | Wemos |
---|---|---|
D3 | - | Won't boot in case low. |
Very slow
If an I2C module, like the Pi02 or Pi03, is connected to the I2C bus of the WIO, and has no power, it will slowdown the processing and no other I2C devices are detected. (Multiple seconds between the loop calls.)
The P82B715 I2C-bus extender seems to drain the I2C clock and data lines, which will confuse the ISR in the Wire library.
The Pi08, with the PCA9622 chip, does not suffer this problem with its internal I2C-bus extender.
Solution
Make sure all conneted I2C modules are powered up at the same time as the WIO.