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Table of Contents
WIOpi
- WIO Overview | WIO Setup | WIO Control | User Bitmaps | WIO Firmware | WIO CAM | WIO Mobile | Cable | LEDScript | WIOpi
Work In Progress |
Before mounting the header on the Zero, check this WIOpi-01 |
Introduction
WIOpi is a program targeted for the Raspberry Pi and its GPIO. (Model 1, 2, 3, 4 and Zero.)
The hardware requirements and support are the same as for RocNetNode.
By running the WIOpi program on the Raspberry Pi, it will behave and process like a WIO on ESP base.
WIOpi runs in context of user pi. |
---|
The user pi is default in the groups gpio, i2c and spi, so no need to run WIOpi in super user context.
Note: Type mobile should run in root context to be able to run a high performance motor thread.
$ groups pi adm dialout cdrom sudo audio video plugdev games users input netdev gpio i2c spi
The following files and directories are extracted:
. ├── cam │ └── cam.py ├── reboot.sh ├── scripts │ └── Disco00.led ├── startwiopi.sh ├── update.sh └── wiopi
The commands to start and stop the cam.py Python script can be specified in the wiopi.ini.
Defauls are:
<var name="startcam" vt="string" defval="nohup python3 cam/cam.py &"/> <var name="stopcam" vt="string" defval="killall python3"/>
Install
Activate I2C, SPI and UART in the raspi-conf utility.
cd mkdir WIOpi cd WIOpi wget https://wiki.rocrail.net/rocrail-snapshot/WIOpi-ARMHF.tar.gz tar xf WIOpi-ARMHF.tar.gz rm WIOpi-ARMHF.tar.gz
Add a crontab task:
@reboot /home/pi/WIOpi/startwiopi.sh
The ARMHF build runs also under PiOS 64bit. (ARM64)
Command Line Options
Option | Description |
---|---|
-t <filename> | trace filename |
-server <ip> | Rocrail server IP or DNS name |
-id <1…255> | WIOpi Node ID |
-softpwm | Use software PWM for servos to enable play sound. |
Pinout
The Pinout and mapping is printed in the console after startup.
It depends on the configuration found in the wiopi.ini.
See for Raspberry Pi Pinout information: https://de.pinout.xyz
Supported Hardware
- Pi02 (max. 4 = 128 I/O)
- Pi03 (max. 4 = 64 Servo)
- Pi06 (Power & Patch)
- Pi08 (max. 8 = 128 LED. Output address < = 128)
- ID12 RFID reader on Pi01
- SSD1306 / SH1106 OLED (max. 2, restricted by the I2C addressing of the SSD1306 / SH1106)
Note: The SH1106 seems incompatible with the Pi01, I2C Driver, so it must be connected directly to the I2C pins. - HT16K33 (max. 2 Clock)
- BMx280 (max. 2 Environment)
- GCA214 RailCom reader on Pi01 (PiOS 32bit only because of the none standard baudrate of 250000.)
- Play sound with "omxplayer" (Without prefix forward slash)
- Mobile soft PWM for controlling a DC Motor, MOSFET or H-Bridge. 1)
- WS2801 RGB LEDs over SPI (Output address > 128)
- LEDScript support in case Port Type is set to Macro.
- 2 Servos on the hardware PWM pins (phys. 32 & 33). 2)
- Analog inputs: PCF8591
Sound
The Servo outputs, PWM0 and PWM1, can also be used for audio:
dtoverlay=pwm-2chan,pin=12,func=2,pin2=13,func2=4
The filter is quit simple: (Example is for just one channel, and not tested.)
1µ || | Servo0 -+---+----|| |----+ | | || | | /| +-+ | | / | |1| --- +---+ | |5| --- 33n | | | |0| | | | | +-+ | +---+ | | | | \ | GND -+---+------------+ \|
Pi01
LED functions
Both LEDs will flash fast on a show command to identify itself.
Another show command will stop this flashing.
LED1 (green) | Description |
---|---|
Off | WIOpi does not run, or no GPIO access granted. |
Slow flash | Normal function. |
Fast flash | No Rocrail server connection. |
LED2 (red) | Description |
---|---|
Off | Idle communication. |
Flash | Packet received. |
Pushbutton
In case both LEDs are flashing to identify itself, it will stop this mode.
Otherwise it sends a query response to the Server.
Signals on Pi02/Pi08/WS2801
Signals Support is also available on the Pi02, in case no Pi08 is connected.
Pi08: 1…128
Pi02: 1…128
WS2801: 129…256 (mapped on 1…128)
Stepper Control
See for turntable setup: WIO Stepper
4 Wire | ||
Function | Header | GPIO |
---|---|---|
IN1 (Coil 1) | 27 | 0 |
GND | 9 | - |
IN2 (Coil 2) | 29 | 5 |
IN3 (Coil 3) | 31 | 6 |
IN4 (Coil 4) | 35 | 19 |
HALL (Calibrate) | 37 | 26 |
3 Wire | |||
Function | Header | GPIO | Example TB6600 |
---|---|---|---|
STEP(Clock) | 27 | 0 | CLK+ |
GND | 9 | - | EN-, DIR-, CLK- |
DIR | 29 | 5 | DIR+ |
ENABLE | 31 | 6 | EN+ |
HALL (Calibrate) | 37 | 26 |
WS2801
WS2801 | Header | I/O1 | Function |
---|---|---|---|
DI | 19 MOSI | 6 | Digital In |
CI | 23 SCLK | 8 | Clock In |
GND | 25 GND | 2 | Ground |
Output settings for LEDScript
Address > 128 or count, ON Parameter, is set to zero.
Options Color, Type Macro.
WIOpi-01
Files
The Rpi-Zero header mounted on the bottom side. (without factory header) The Rpi-1/4 header mounted on the top side. (factory default) Short header on the Rpi-1; No native servo support. -------------------- | Rpi0 bottom hdr | -------------------- | | -- Zero set top | | | | ---------------------------------------- | WIOpi-01 | ---------------------------------------- | | || | | || -- Pi2++ piggy bag || | | || ---------------------------------------- | Rpi1/4 top hdr | ----------------------------------------
CAM
The CAM can be used parallel with WIOpi as documented here:
top - 11:54:34 up 26 min, 2 users, load average: 1.53, 1.27, 0.85 Tasks: 77 total, 1 running, 76 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu(s): 7.2 us, 15.4 sy, 0.0 ni, 71.9 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 5.5 si, 0.0 st MiB Mem : 368.4 total, 222.4 free, 73.5 used, 72.5 buff/cache MiB Swap: 0.0 total, 0.0 free, 0.0 used. 244.2 avail Mem PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 527 root 20 0 0 0 0 I 8.1 0.0 0:00.48 kworker/u2:2-brcmf_wq/mmc1:0001:1 435 pi 20 0 120260 20208 8232 S 7.8 5.4 1:56.07 python3 301 pi 20 0 9944 2528 2072 S 7.5 0.7 2:00.87 wiopi 526 root 20 0 0 0 0 I 2.9 0.0 0:00.61 kworker/0:1-events 521 pi 20 0 10280 2972 2516 R 1.3 0.8 0:01.73 top
Link to stream:
http://<zero-name>:8081
Mobile
Function 8 can be used to activate and deactivate the CAM.
I2C Slaves
WIOpi supports up to 4 I2C Slaves.
The reserved I2C device addresses are 0x7C, 0x7D, 0x7E and 0x7F.
To address a pin on a slave, the following parameters are involved:
- Node ID: The ID of the WIOpi
- Address: Pin number
- Port: Slave I2C ID
Supported Rocrail objects:
- Digital output
Monitor trace DOUT(0x0A) on Pin 5(data[0]) off(data[1]):
opc=0x0A dlc=5 data=05 00 00 00 7C 00 00 00
Ten times a second, the slaves are polled for their input pin state. (If any defined.)
20210105.083513.532 w9999I main OWire 0187 I2C device found at 0x7C 20210105.083513.542 w9999I main ODisplay 0392 init SSD1306 device 0x3C geometry=3 ... 20210105.083513.886 w9999I doManage OManager 0101 read reg array slave 0x7C rc=2: opc=0x99 11 66
- Note 1: The Arduino Nano cannot handle error free I2C speeds above the default 100kHz.
User Pin Definitions
To remap pins for Pi01, Stepper and Mobile, the following child nodes in the wiopi.ini
can be used:
<wiopi server="localhost"> <pindef fn="PWM" nr="12"/> <pindef fn="IN1" nr="7"/> </wiopoi>
The nr attribute resembles the connector number, not the GPIO.
Name(fn) | Description | Remark |
---|---|---|
LED1 | Pi01 LED1 output | |
LED2 | Pi01 LED2 output | |
Button | Pi01 Button input | |
IN1 | Stepper IN1 output | 3W Clock |
IN2 | Stepper IN2 output | 3W Dir |
IN3 | Stepper IN3 output | 3W Enable |
IN4 | Stepper IN4 output | |
CAL | Stepper calibration input | |
PWM | Mobile PWM output | |
FWD | Mobile forwards relay pulse output | |
REV | Mobile reverse relay pulse output | |
LIGHTS1 | Mobile lights Cab 1 output | |
LIGHTS2 | Mobile lights Cab 2 output |
Auto Server Connect
WIOpi use the R2RNet service to detect the Rocrail server in the LAN.
This service must be activated in the server settings.
If Auto Server Connect doesn't work (f.e. if the router doesn't support UDP Multicast) you can at the Server IP to the winopi.ini:
<wiopi server="hier die IP den RR Servers" serialdev="/dev/ttyAMA0" nid="90" nodename="WIOpi">
Mobile Dual Motor
Locomotives with dual motors require dual H-Bridge support.
Set the "dualmotor" option to "true" in the wiopi.ini to enable this.
The second H-Bridge connects to the I/O2 connector on pin 4, 5 and 6.
The WIO-Drive, without ESP, can be used as second H-Bridge. Mount only those parts needed for controlling the H-Bridge. Do not place the rectifier, but wire it.
I/O2 | H-Bridge | Rpi Conn | WIODrive |
---|---|---|---|
2 | GND | 25 | IBB1-3 |
4 | IN2 | 29 | IBB1-2 |
5 | IN1 | 31 | IBB1-1 |
6 | ENA | 35 | ESC1-3 |